考研英語閱讀理解備考攻略(5)

　　3.擴大范圍：把原文范圍擴大了依然是錯誤的，它也可以分成兩類：

　　A)將原文的特指(只適用于個體)變?yōu)榉褐?適用于群體)。

　　如2008年第四篇“For one thing, the South could not afford to part with its slaves. Owning slaves was “l(fā)ike having a large bank account,” says Wiencek, author of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America. The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the “peculiar institution,” (特指黑奴制度)including a clause that counted a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation。”

　　39. Which of the following is true according to the text?

　　[A] Some Founding Fathers benefit politically from slavery。

　　[B]  Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote。

　　[C]  Slave owners usually had large savings accounts。

　　[D]  Slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution. (泛指特殊的組織) 　

　　B)將原文的幾個條件省略為一個條件。

　　如2000年第一篇“A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. (長期的、不費力的成功史、處理得當?shù)脑捒赡軙�成為一種推動力。即三個條件推出一個結(jié)論)When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed。”