美國留學研究生教育體制:美國研究生學位主要分為碩士和博士:
碩:學術性碩士學位(Academic Master’s)
職業性碩士學位(Professional Master's)
博士
一、美國研究生學位-碩士
碩士學位又分為學術型碩士學位和職業型碩士學位。
1、學術型碩士學位(Academic Master's):MA, MSc,30-60個學分,1-2年完成?晒プx博士。Usually awarded in the traditional arts, sciences, and humanities disciplines. The M.S. is also awarded in technical fields such as engineering and agriculture. 學術型碩士學位又可以分為2類:
1 論文(thesis option):論文答辯+綜合考試
2 非論文(non-thesis option):修課+書面綜合考試
2、職業性碩士學位(Professional Master's):職業導向,如商科、新聞、國際關系、建筑、城市規劃等,36-48個學分。MBA, MSW(Social Work), M. Ed, MFA, MPA, MPP等。不要求thesis,也不要求有相關本科專業背景。屬于Terminal Degree,do not lead to doctoral programs。職業性學位如果以后要攻讀博士,一般修的碩士學分不會轉到博士課程。
二、美國研究生學位-博士
博士:5-8年
Ph.D. (doctor of philosophy) 最普遍。
Ed.D. or doctor of education
D.B.A. or doctor of business administration
M.D。
注:學術型碩士學位和PhD型學位一般需要和學校教授聯系
專業分類
一、從大的方向上,專業可以分為兩大類:
1、 Liberal Arts and Science Programs 文理型專業:
Science自然科學
Social Science 社會科學
Humanities人文科學
2、 Professional Programs 職業型專業: Business, Law, Medicine, Engineering, Education, etc。
二、從具體專業類別上,可以分為以下十一大類別:
Business
Law
Medicine
Engineering
Education
The Sciences
Library & Information Studies
Social Sciences & Humanities
Health
Public Affairs
Fine Arts
三、專業方向
Business:
Accounting
Entrepreneurship
Finance
Information Systems
International
Management
Marketing
Nonprofit
Production / Operations
Supply Chain / Logistics
Human resource
Education:
Curriculum and instruction
Education administration & supervision
Education policy
Educational psychology
Elementary teacher education
Higher education administration
Secondary teacher education
Special education
Student counseling & personnel services
Technical / Vocational
Engineering:
Aerospace / Aeronautical / Astronautical
Biological / Agricultural
Biomedical / Bioengineering
Chemical
Civil
Computer Engineering
Electrical / Electronic / Communications
Environmental / Environmental Health
Industrial / Manufacturing
Materials
Mechanical
Nuclear
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